TURİZM ENDÜSTRİSİNDE ALGILANAN LİDERLİK DAVRANIŞLARI VE ÖRGÜTSEL BAĞLILIK İLİŞKİSİNİN İNCELENMESİ

Author :  

Year-Number: 2017-8
Yayımlanma Tarihi: 2019-02-19 08:34:14.0
Language : Türkçe
Konu :
Number of pages: 21-40
Mendeley EndNote Alıntı Yap

Abstract

Örgütsel bağlılık çalışanların örgüte ve örgütsel amaçlara bağlanma durumunu bunun yanında ise örgütsel süreçlere etkin katılımı şeklinde ifade edilmektedir. Literatürde örgütsel bağlılığı etkileyen birçok örgütsel faktör olmasına karşın, bunlardan en geneli yönetsel faktörler ile açıklanmaktadır. Bu faktörler başında liderlik davranışları gelmektedir. Bu bağlamda ilgili çalışmada turizm endüstrisinde çalışanların algıladıkları liderlik davranışlarının çalışanların örgütsel bağlılıkları ile ilişkileri incelenmiştir. Turizm endüstrisinde ise faaliyetlerin en yoğun olduğu konaklama sektörü seçilerek iş hacminin yüksek olduğu alanda inceleme yapılması hedeflenmiştir. Ülkemizde en çok gecelemenin yapıldığı 5 ilde faaliyet gösteren konaklama işletmelerinde çalışan 655 kişi üzerinde yapılan çalışmada algılanan liderliğin örgütsel bağlılık ile ilişkili olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır

Keywords

Abstract

Organizational commitment is explained as the commitment of the employees to the organization and its aims as well as their effective involvement in organizational processes. Although the literature provides numerous factors that have impact over organizational commitment, the most important is leadership. In this context, this study analyzes the relationship between the leadership styles perceived by the employees working in tourism industry and employees’ organizational commitments. The study aims to analyze the sector with highest turnover so that hospitality sector, which has a huge volume of activities in tourism sector has been selected. Survey conducted over 655 employees working in accommodation enterprises in five provinces with highest period of stay found that perceived leadership style is associated with organizational commitment.

Keywords


  • Allen, Natalie J. ve Meyer, John P. (1990), ‘‘ The Measurement and Antecedents of Affective, Conti- nuance and Normative Commitment to the Organization’’ , Journal of Occupational Psychology, C: 63, s. 1-18.

  • Allen, Natalie J. Ve Meyer, John P. (1996), ‘‘ Affective, Cont,nuamce, and Normative Commitment to the Organization: An Examination of Construct Validity’’, Journal of Vocational Behaviour, C: 49, s. 252-276.

  • Avolio, Bruce J.; Zhu, Weichun, Zhu; Koh, William ve Bhatia, Puja (2004), ‘‘ Transformational Lea- dership and Organizational Commitment: Mediating Role of Structural Distance’’, Journal of Organizational Behavior, C: 25, s. 951-968.

  • Awamleh, Nail A.H.K. (1996), ‘‘ Organizational Commitment of Civil Service Managers in Jordan: A Field Study’’, Journal of Management, C: 15, No: 5, s. 65-74.

  • Bakan, İsmail (2011). Örgütsel Bağlılık Kavram, Kuram, Sebep ve Sonuçlar, Gazi Kitapevi, Ankara.

  • Balçık, B. (2002). İşletme yönetimi, Nobel Yayınları, Ankara.

  • Barutçugil, İsmet (2004). Stratejik İnsan Kaynakları Yönetimi, Kariyer Yayıncılık, İstanbul.

  • Beck, Karen ve Wilson, Carlene (2000), ‘‘ Development of Affective Organizational Commitment: A Cross- Sequential of Change with Tenure’’, Journal of Vocational Bejavior, C: 56, No: 1, s. 114-136.

  • Becker, Thomas E.; Billings, Robert S.; Eveleth, Daniel M. Ve Gilbert, Nicole L. (1996), ‘‘ Foci and Bases of Employee Commitment: Implications For Job Performance’’, Academy of Management Journal, C: 39, No: 2, 464-482.

  • Benson, Carmel (2002). ‘‘ Procedural Justice, Effective Leadership and Organizational Commitment Amidst Organizational Change’’ Kaliforniya Üniversitesi, Basılmamış Doktora Tezi, Kaliforniya, ABD.

  • Bono, Joyce E.; Hooper, Amy C. ve Yoon, David J. (2012), ‘‘Impact of Rater Personality on Trans- formational and Transactional Leadership Ratings’’ , The Leadership Quarterly, C: 23, s. 132

  • Brewer, Ann M. (1996), ‘‘ Developing Commitment Between Managers and Employees’’, Journal of Managerial Pscyhology, C: 11, No: 4, s. 24-34.

  • Clinebell, Sharon; Skudiene, Vida; Trijonyte, Renata ve Reardon, James (2013), ‘‘ Impact of Leade- ership Styles on Employee Organizational Commitment’’, Journal of Service Science, C: 6, No: 1, s. 139-152.

  • Colbert, Amy E.,; Judge, Timothy A.; Choi, Daejeong ve Wang, Gang (2012) ‘‘Assessing the trait theory of leadership using self and observer ratings of personality: The mediating role of contributions to group success’’ The Leadership Quarterly, C: 23, s. 670–685.

  • Çakır, Özlem (2001). İşe Bağlılık Olgusu ve Etkileyen Faktörler, Seçkin Yayıncılık, Ankara.

  • Çetin, Fatih (2011). ‘‘ Örgütsel Vatandaşlık Davranışlarının Açıklanmasında Örgütsel Bağlılık, İş Tatmini, Kişilik ve Örgüt Kültürünün Rolü’’, Ankara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Basılmamış Doktora Tezi, Ankara.

  • Dunn, Maggie W.; Dastoor, Barbara ve Sims, Randi L. (2012), ‘‘ Transformational Leadership and Organizational Commitment: A Cross-Cultural Perspective, Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, C: 4, No: 1, s. 45-59.

  • Eid,Jarle; Mearns, Kathryn; Larsson, Gerry; Laberg, Christian, Jon ve Johnsen, Helge, Bjorn (2012), ‘‘Leadership, Psychological Capital and Safety Research: Conceptual Issues and Future Research Questions’’ , The Leadership Quarterly, C: 50, s. 55-61.

  • Einarsen, Stale; Aasland, Schanke ve Skogstad, Anders (2011), ‘‘ Leadership Styles’’, Academy of General Dentitry Journal, C: 56, No: 4, s.176-177.

  • Erçetin Şule (2000). Lider Sarmalında Vizyon, Nobel Yayıncılık, Ankara.

  • Ergeneli, Azize (2006). Örgüt ve İnsan, Hacettepe Üniversitesi Yayınları, Ankara.

  • Gallie, Duncan; Felstead, Alan ve Green, Francis (2001), ‘‘ Employer Policies and Organizational Commitment in Britian 1992-97’’, Journal of Management Studies, C: 38, No: 8, 1081-1101.

  • Gillet, Nicolas ve Vandenberghe (2014), ‘‘ Transformational Leadership and Organizational Com- mitment: the Mediating Role of Job Characterisitcs, Human Resource Developement Quarterly, C: 25, No: 3, 321-347.

  • Griffin, Marie L.; Hogan, Nancy L.; Talya, Bauer N. (2010), ‘‘Job Involvement, Job Stress, Job Satis- faction, and Organisational Commitment and the Burnout of Correctional Staff’’, Criminal Justice and Behaviour, C: 37, No: 2, s.125-155.

  • Güney, Salih (2012). Liderlik, Nobel Yayınevi, Ankara.

  • Hall T., Douglas; Schneider, Benjamin ve Harold T. Nygren (1970), ‘‘ Personal Factors in Organizati- onal Identification’’, Administrative Science Quarterly, C: 15, No: 2, s. 176-190.

  • Hunter, Samuel T.; Bedell-Avers, Katrina E. Ve Mumford, Micheal D. (2007), ‘‘ The Typical Lea- dership Study: Assumptions, Implications and Potential Remedies’’, The Leadership Quarterly, C: 18, s. 435-446.

  • Iverson, Roderick D. ve Deery, Margaret (1997), ‘‘ Turnover Culture in the Hospitality Industry’’ Human Resource Management Journal, C: 7, No: 4, s. 71-82.

  • İnce, Mehmet ve Gül, Hasan (2005). Yönetimde Yeni Bir Paradigma: Örgütsel Bağlılık, Çizgi Kitape- vi, Konya.

  • Joo, Beak, Kyoo; Yoon, Hea, Jun ve Jeung, Chang, Wook (2012), ‘‘ The Effects of Core Self- Evaluations and Transformational Leadrship on Organizational Commitment’’, Leadership and Organizational Development Journal, C: 33, No: 6, s. 564- 582.

  • Kanter, Rasaberth, Moss (1968), ‘‘ Commitment and Social Organizations: A Study of Commitment Mechanism in Utopian Communities’’, C: 33, No: 4, s. 499-517.

  • Katz, Robert L. (1955), ‘‘Skills of an effective administrator’’, Harvard Business Review, C: 33, No: 1, s. 33–42.

  • Ke, Weiling ve Wei, Kee, Kwok (2008), ‘‘ Organizational Culture and Leadership in ERP Implemen- tation’’ Decision Support Systems, C: 45, 208-218.

  • Khasawneh, Samer; Omari, Aieman ve Abu-Tineh, Abdullah M. (2012), ‘‘ The Relationship Between Transformational Leadership and Orga nizational Commitment: The Case for Vocational Teachers in Jordan’’, Educational Management Administration and Leadership, c: 40, s. 494

  • Kim, Hougyun (2014), ‘‘ Transformational Leadership, Organizational Clan Culture, Organizational Citizenship Behaviour: A Case of South Korea’s Public Sector’’, Public Organizition Review, C: 14, s. 397-417.

  • Koçel, Taner (2010). İşletme Yöneticiliği, Beta Yayınevi, İstanbul.

  • Kolasa, Blair J. (1969). İşletmeler için Davranış Bilimlerine Giriş, çev. Tosun, Kemal; Aykar, Fulya, Somay Tomris ve Menteşe, Mirgün, Fatih Yayınevi, İstanbul.

  • Kreitner, Robert; Kinicki, Angelo ve Buelens (2002). Organizational Behaviour, Second European Edition, Mcgraw Hill Publishing Company, Berkshire, England.

  • Leong, C. S.; Furham, Adrian ve Cooper, Cary L. (1996), ‘‘ The Moderating Effect of Organizational Commitment on the Occupational Stress Outcome Relations’’, C: 49, No: 10, s.1345-1363.

  • Livi, Stefano; Kenny, David A.; Albright, Linda ve Pierro, Antonio (2008), ‘‘ A Social Relations Analysis of Leadership’’, The Leadership Quarterly, C: 19, s. 235-248.

  • Lok, Peter ve Crawford, John (2003), ‘‘ The Effect of Organisational Culture and Leadership Style on Job Satisfaction and Organisational Commitment: A Cross- National Comparison’’, Journal of Management Development, C: 23, No: 4, s. 321-338.

  • Luton, Bill (2010). ‘‘ Transformational Leadership and Organizational Commitment: A study of UNC System Business School Department Chairs’’Capella Üniversitesi, Basılmamış Doktora Tezi, Capella, ABD.

  • Morris, James H. Ve Sherman, Daniel J. (1981), ‘‘ Generalizabilty of an Organizational Commitment Model’’, The Academy of Management Journal, C: 24, No: 3, s. 512-526.

  • Mowday, Richard T.; Porter, Lyman W. Ve Steers, Richard M. (1982). Employee- Organization Lin- kages: The Psychology of Commitment, Absenteesim and Turnover, Academic Press, Sheffield, England.

  • Northouse, Peter G. (2007). Leadership Theory and Practice, Fourth Edition, Sage Publication, Cali- fornia, USA.

  • O’Reilly, Charles A.; Caldwell, David F.; Chatman, Jennifer A.; Lapiz, Margaret ve Self, William (2010), ‘‘ How Leadership Matters: The Effects of Leaders’ Aligment on Strategy Implementation’’, The Leadership Quarterly, C: 21, s. 104-113.

  • O’Reilly, Charles ve Chatman, Jennifer (1986), ‘‘ Organizational Commitment and Pscyhological Attachment: The Effects of Compliance, Identification, and Internalization on Prosocial Behaviour’’, Journal of Applied Pscyhology, C: 71, No: 3, s.492-499.

  • Ritzer, George ve Trice, Harrison M. (1969), ‘‘ An Empirical Study of Howard Becker’s Side- Bet Theory, C: 47, No: 4, s. 475-478.

  • Rowold, Jens ve Heinitz, Kahrin (2007), ‘‘ Transformational and Charismatic Leadership: Assessing the Convergent, Divergent and Criterion Validity of the MLQ and the CKS’’, The Leadership Quarterly, C: 18, s. 121-133.

  • Sabuncuoğlu, Zeyyat ve Tüz, Vergiliel, Melek (2005). Örgütsel Psikoloji, Alfa Aktüel Yayınları, Bur- sa.

  • Sekaran, U. (1992). Research Methods For Business, John Wiley ve Sons, Inc., Canada.

  • Sheldon, Mary E. (1971), ‘‘ Investments and Involvements as Mechanisms Producing Commitment to the Organization’’ Administrative Science Quarterly, C: 16, No: 2, s. 143-150.

  • Simola, Sheldene K.; Barling, Julian ve Turner, Nick (2010), ‘‘ Transformational Leadership and Lea- der Moral Orientation: Contrasting an Ethic of Justice and an Ethic of Care’’, The Leadership Quarterley, C: 21, s. 179-188.

  • Simosi, Maria ve Xenikou, Athena (2010), ‘‘ The Role of Organizational Culture in the Relationship Between Leadership and Organizational Commitment: An Emprical Study in a Greek Organization’’, The International Journal of Human Resource Management, C: 21, No: 10, s. 1598

  • Steers, Richard M. (1977), ‘‘ Antecedents and Outcomes of Organizational Commitment’’, Administ- rative Science Quarterly, C: 22, No: 1, s. 46-56.

  • Sternberg, Robert J.; Kaufman, James C. ve Pretz, Jean E. (2013), ‘‘ A Propulsion Model of Creative Leadership’’, The Leadership Quarterly, C: 14, s. 455-473.

  • Swailes, Stehphen (2002), ‘‘ Organizational Commitment: A Critique of the Construct and Measures’’ International Journal of Management Reviews, C: 4, No: 2, s. 155-178.

  • Tengilimoğlu, Dilaver (2005), ‘‘ Kamu ve Özel Sektör Örgütlerinde Liderlik Davranışı Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesine Yönelik Bir Alan Çalışması’’, Elektronik Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, C:4, No: 14, s.1-16.

  • Thornhill, Adrian; Lewis, Phil ve Saunders, Mark N.K. (1996), ‘‘ The Role of Employee Comminica- tion in Achieving Commitment and Quality in Higher Education’’, Quality Assuarance in Education, C:4, No: 1, s. 12-20.

  • Tuna, Muharrem; Ghazzawi, Issam, Tuna, Ayşen ve Çatır, Ozan (2011), ‘‘ Transformational Leaders- hip and Organizational Commitment: The Case of Turkey’s Hospitality Industry’’, SAM Advanced Management Journal, C: 76, No: 3, s. 10-25.

  • Uhl-Bien, Mary (2006), ‘‘Relational Leadership Theory: Exploring The Social Processes of Leaders- hip and Organizing’’, The Leadership Quarterly, C: 17, s. 654-676.

  • Uhl-Bien, Mary, Marion, Russ ve McKelvey, Bill (2007), ‘’Complexity Leadership Theory: Shifting Leadership from the Industrial Age to the Knowledge Era’’, The Leadership Quarterly, C: 18, s. 298-318.

  • Vilert, Van De, Evert (2006) ‘‘ Autocratic Leadership Around the Globe: Do Climate and Wealth Drive Leadership Culture ?’’, Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, C: 37, No: 42, s.42-59.

  • Vugt, Van, Mark; Jepson, Sarah F.; Hart, Claire M. ve Cremer, De, David (2004), ‘‘ Autocratic Lea- dership in Social Dilemmas: A Threat to Group Stability’’, Journal of Experimental Social Psychology,C: 4, s. 1-3.

  • Wiener, Yoash (1982), ‘‘ Commitment in Organizations a Normative View’’ , Academy of Manage- ment Review, C: 7, No: 3, s.418-428.

  • İNTERNET KAYNAKLARI definitions.doc . (22.07.2014 tarihinde erişilmiştir.)

                                                                                                                                                                                                        
  • Article Statistics